Side frame



Feb. 25, 1930. D. s. BARROWS SII'E FRAME Filed Aug'. 23, 1926 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 Feb. 25, 1930.

D. S. BARROWS SIDE FRAME 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Aug. 25, @926 m m o w 6 v W i? Q 7 W 6 w a 2 a a 2 a E E E Feb. 25, 1930. D. s. BARRows S IDE FRAME Filed Aug. 23, 1926 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 wuemioz Patented Feb. 25, 193% DONALD S. BARROWS, 0E ROCHESTER, NEW YORK, ASEJGNOR TO THE SYMI'NGIQN COMPANY, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., A

CORPOMTION 0F MARYLD.

' srnn reams Application filed Au ust as,

This invention relates to side frames particularly adapted for railway car trucks, and more especially to cast frames in which flexibility is provided for the tension member where it extends beneath the bolster guide columns and spring plank seat portion of the frame.

The principal object of my invention, generally considered, is the provision of a east side frame for railway car trucks in which a relatively rigid structure at the ends thereof is provided where the same is connected to journal boxes, or to adapt said frame for connection with journalboxes, said rigid structure taking care of secondary stresses and rigidly uniting the ends of the compression and tension members, said compression, and tension members, at intermediate portions thereof, being reduced in depth and spaced by bolster guide columns and a con-' nected spring lank seat portion, said tension member eing relatively flexible and extended under said bolster columns'and spring plank seat portion, provision being made for longitudinal movement of .saidtension member when the frame is under stress to minimize secondary stresses. 7

An object of my invention is the provision of a cast side frame for railway car trucks in which the junctions between the compression and tension members are made relatively rigid and a jaw shaped structure is provided adjacent each end of the frame designed to resistdocal concentrated stresses received from the journal boxes, the tension member being spaced from the compression member at intermediate portions by bolster guide columns connected at their upper portions to the compression member and at their lower portions to a spring plank seat portion which merely rests on the tension member.

Another object of my invention is the provision of a side frame for railway car trucks in which the compression member is so formed that it is relatively shallow in the center or intermediate portion thereof, is designed to flex to a maximum degree at such point, and is provided with bolster columns connected at their lower ends by a 1926. Serial No. 130,890.

that they may accommotension member, bolster guide columns and spring plank seat portion are integrally cast with flexibility'provided between the tension member andbolster guide columns by such means as a space therebetween, said space being subsequently closed while the frame is either hot or cold by a hydraulic press or filled with molten metal or one or more curved bars inserted in the proper location in the mold before the frame is cast, any of said means providing for a non-rigid or movable junction between thetension mem berand the spring plank seat portion, and bolster guide columns upstanding therefrom, whereby undesired secondary stresses are eliminated at this junction. Other objects and advantages of the invention relating to the particular arrangement and construction of the various parts ,will become more apparent as the description proceeds.

' Referring to Figure 2 is a plan of the structure illustratedin Figure 1, shown partly in section the drawings illustrating my .invention, the scope whereof is defined by shown on the line 2-2 of Figure 1 and partly broken awa Figures '3 and 4 are transverse sectional views on the correspondingly numbered lines of Figure 1 looking in the direction, of the arrows.

Figures 5, 6 and 7 are detailed sectional views on the correspondingly numbered lines of Figure l.

Figure 8 is a partial side elevation, partly in central longltudinal section, illustrating another embodiment of my invention.

Figure 9 is a transverse sectional view on the line 8-8 of Figure 8 looking in the direction of the arrow Figures 10 and 11 are views corresponding, respectively, to Figures 8 and 9 but showing a further modification of my invention.

Figure 12 is a fragmentary side elevation of-a side frame illustrating a still further embodiment of my invention.

Figure 13 is a transverse sectional view on the line 1313 of Figure 14 illustrating an additional embodiment of my invention.

Figure 14 is a fragmentary side elevation of the embodiment of my invention illustrated in Figure 13.

Referring to the drawings in detail, like parts being designated by like reference characters and first considering the embodiment of my invention illustrated in Figures 1 to 7, inclusive, a side frame 1 is shown which comprises a compression member 2 and a tension member 3, said compression and tension members being rigidly united at their ends and to rigid structures 4, somewhat resem bling the heads of wrenches in that they are provided with jaws or are jaw shaped, adapted to extend and embrace journalboxes (not shown) or adapted for integral formation with such journal boxes. These rigid structures 4, at each end of the frame, are formed generally elongated and curved in outline and generally box or U shape in cross section with an inner web 5' serving to extend around a journal box, a portion of which web may be considered as a continuation of the lower web 6 of the tension member, an outer web 7 which may be considered as a continuation of the upper web 8 of the compression member, the

outer ends of said web 7 being preferably omitted or partially cut away at the outer ends of the jaw portion 4, and side webs 9 and 10 which may be considered as continuations of the corresponding web portions of the compression and tension members 2 and 3.

In the embodiment illustrated, the outer part of the jaw shaped portion 4 is formed with a longitudinal aperture 11 adapted for receiving means for locking an associated journal box in place. The webs 5, 7, 9 and 10 may be braced by internal transversely extending webs or gussets 12.

In order to economize in the use of metal in the frame, the vertical sides of the jaw shaped portions 4 of the frame do not directly join the horizontal connecting portions, but are connected thereto by sloping portions which, in eflect,cut off the corners of the openings-or pockets in which the journal boxes are received. This permits the lower web 6 of the tension member to unite with the jaw shaped portions 4 somewhat lower than otherwise and thereby reduces the moment arm of the transverse and longitudinal forces received from the journal boxes.

The compression member 2 is preferably formed inverted channel shape in cross section, that is, the sides of the upper Web 8 are provided with depending flanges 13, which flanges may be formed at the lower edges thereof with outstanding beads or .ribs 14 which extend from beyond the intersectionof the compression and tension members to the bolster guide columns 15 which depend from said compression member 2. Between the bolster guide columns 15, the depending flanges 13 may be provided with inside beading or ribbing 16 which gradually increases in depth toward the bolster guide columns 15 until it merges to form the inner webs or bolster guiding portions 17 thereof. The webs 17 are formed with outstanding flanges 18 which may be provided with external beading or ribbing 19' along the free edges thereof formed as a continuation of the heading 14 on the compression member. The bolster guide columns 15 are preferably integrally connected, not only to the compression member, but the lower ends thereof are integrally united by a segment shaped spring. supporting or spring plank'seat portion 20 provided with a lower curved surface 21 which, in the present embodiment, rests directly on the top of the tension member 3 without being otherwise connected thereto except for the provision of side flan es or ribs 22 extending on opposite sides 0% the tension member 3, as shown particularly in Figure 3, so that, upon a load being applied to the frame, relative longitudinal movement between the tension member and connected bolster guide columns is permitted, thereby obviating the usual secondary stresses found at such a junction.

' The tension member 3 adjacent the ends thereof, where it joins with the compression member 2, is relatively deep, the upstanding flanges 23, which are preferably formed with insi ebeading or ribbing 2'4 and in connection with the lower web 6 form a member U shape in cross section, however, preferably decrease in depth toward the central and intermediate portions of the tension member until said tension member is substantially rectangular in cross section where it extends beneath the bolster guide columns 15 and the spring plank seat portion 20. At the same time, in order to preserve the requisite area of metal, the tension member is preferably increased in width, as illustrated particularly in Figure 2.

The compression member decreases in depth toward the central and intermediate portions thereof in a manner similar to the tension member but not to the same extent so that, even at the center thereof, the depending flanges 13 are fairly deep. Such a construc tion is provided so that the compression member is flexed to a maximum at the central portion thereof and, in order to permit such flexing, the bolster guide columns and spring plank seat portion are formed relatively shallow. and wide to accommodate themselves to the movement of the compression member.

tion, it is necessary to resort to one of the expedients to be hereinafter described for allowing the shallow and wide intermediate portion of the tension member to remain free from connection with the bolster guide columns and curved portion of the segmental spring plank seat portion while being adapted for supplying the necessary support therefor. In other words, the frame may be cast with a space between the curved lower portion of the spring plank seat and connected bolster guide columns, which space is closed by hydraulic pressure or filled with one or more spacing strips or plates.

Referring now to the embodiment of my invention illustrated in Figures 8 and 9} a portion of a. side frame 1 is shown which ..is formedby casting a frame substantially thesame as illustrated in Figures 1 to 7, in-

clusive, except that a curved plate 25 is positioned between the curved lower surface of the spring plank seat portion 20 and the correspondingly curved upper surface'of the tension member 3. This plate may be applied by casting the frame 1 with a corresponding space and pouring molten metal into' said s ace to form a late 25 or, if desired, a soli plate 25may e placedin the mold and the frame cast around it, said plate chilling the metal but not necessarily fusing thereto so that, in any event, provision is made for suflicient lon 'tu'dinal tensile motion of the tension mem er 3 under stress without imparting the usual secondary stresses to the supported parts of the frame thereabove.

Referring now to the modification of my invention illustrated in Figures 10 and 11, a construction is shown similar to that of Figures 8 and 9 except that, instead of one' plate 25 placed in the mold when the frame 1 is cast, a pair of plates 26 and 27 are used, the engaging surfaces of said plates being preferably. smooth and the outside surfaces thereof being unfinished so that, when the frame is cast therearound, provision is made for longitudinal motion between the plates 26 and 27 when the frame is under stress, allowing the tension member 3 to move, as in the other embodiments. v

Referring now to the embodiment of my invention illustrated in Figure-12, a construction is there disclosed which is similar to the foregoing except that, instead of a full'flexi-' ble connection between the tension member 3 and the bolster guidecolumns 15 and spring plank seat portion 2018. connection which may be termed semi-flexible is rovided by having the tension member re need in depth and increasedin widthto where it meets the bolster guide columns 15 at which point it is bifurcated to form portions .28 which join with the outer portions of the spring plank seat portion 20 and bolster guide columns 15 and surround or embrace the main or central part of said portion, thereby accomplishing some of the results desired by the other embodiments of my 'inven- I tion. Asin the other embodiments, the ten- 1 sion member 3- is generally U shape in cross section although the bolster guide columns 15 mabe T' shape in cross section with the uprig t web of the T extending between the bifurcated portions 28 of the tension member and the outer ends of the top, although inwardly facing, web or flange of the T mergin'gRwith said bifurcated portions 28. f

eferring now to the embodiment .of'my invention illustrated in Figures 13 and 14, a construction is disclosed similar to the first 1 embodiment except that the central flexible portion of the tension member 3 is not received between depending flanges or ribs 22 on the spring plank seat portion but merely engages the lowercurved surface 21 when the same is forced thereagain'st by hydraulic pressure or when the-space is filled up or closed by molten metal cast therein or curved plates forced therein. The design is otherwise slightly different'in that a tension member generally I or T shape in cross section is shown and the bolster guide columns 15 are generally T shape in cross section.

In all the embodiments, the construction not shown or described may be substantially identical with that ofthe first embodiment which is shown more fully.

From the foregoing disclosure, it will be apparent that I have devised a side frame which is preferably integrally cast but in I which the spring blank seat has been separated entirely from the tension member. Such a separation may be effected by casting the frame with a gap or spacebetween the spring blank and tension member, which gap is closed bypassing each frame under a hy- -draulic press, either hot or cold,'in which said gap is subsequently filled in with molten metal or a metal plate forced in place or in which one or more bent plates of steel are inserted in the mold between the spring plank seat and tension member and the frame cast therearound. In connection with the latter alternatives, it should be noted that when one separator is set in the mold, it is preferably however, are employed, each may be fused to its respective portion of the cast1ng, the separators themselves providing definite smooth enga 'ng surfaces between the cooperating mem ers.

Having now described my invention, I claim:

1. A east side frame comprising com ression, tension and bolster column mem ers, said compression member being integrally connected to the bolster columns and the ends of and both of said members decreasing in depthtoward the center of the'frame, the compression member being rigidly connected to the bolster guide columns spacing intermediate portions ofsaid compression and tension members, said tension member being initially spaced from said bolster guide columns and means for-closing up said space for the support of said columns.

3. A side frame comprising compression,

tension and bolster .column members, said.

compression and tension members being rigi ly united at their ends and increasing in flexibilit toward their intermediate portions where olster guide columns extend from said compression member toward said tension member, the lower ends of said bolster guide columns beingrigidl connected by a spring .plank seat portion, t e intermediate portion of said tension member being separate from and extending beneath saidbolster guide columns and spring plank seat portion for supporting the same. Y

4. A cast sideframe comprising com ression, tension and bolster column mem ers, said compression and tension members being generally U shape in cross section and integrally united at their ends, said bolster column membersspacingintermediate portions of the compression and tension members, connected to said compression member and supported by said tension member.

5. A side frame comprising compression and tension members rigidly united at their ends and tapering in depth therefrom to intermediate portions thereof, bolster columns depending from said compression member,

connected at their lower ends by a spring plank seat-portion and serving to space intermediate portions of the tension member from said compression member, said tension member extending below but not connected to said spring plank seat portion and bolster columns for supporting the same and so reduced in de th along its supporting portion that itreadi y flexes under bending stress while havin th% necessary strength to the frame.

, 6. A side frame comprising compression, tension and bolster column members, said compression and tension members bein rigidly'united attheir ends and spaced at 1ntermediate ortions by the bolster column members, sai tension member being relatively deep and substantially U sha e in cross section adjacent its junction wit the compression member and relatively shallow and substantiall rectangular cross sectionwhere it extends eneath the bolster column members.

7. A side frame comprising compression and tension members united at each end to a rigid structure adapted to embrace a journal box, the intermediate portions of said members being spaced by a structure comprising bolster guide columns, the lower portion of said structure resting onthe intermediate portionof the tension member and adapted for longitudinal movement with respect thereto. i t 8. A side frame comprising compression tension and bolster column members, sai compression member being rigidly connected to the tension member adjacent the ends thereof and decreasing in depth inwardly therefrom to permit a maximum flexin under-load at the center thereof, the interme iate ortion of said tension member being adapted or lonample cross. section area for imparting.

gitudinal movement beneathsaid bolster column members.

9. A side frame comprising compression;

tension and bolster column members, said;

therefrom to permit a maximum flexing at the center thereof under load, said bolster column members serving to space intermediate portions-of the compression and tension 7 members, being connected at their lower ends by a spring supporting portion and being relatively shallow to accommodate themselves to fle'xingfof the compression member, said spring supporting portion resting upon the tension member and adapted to move longitudinally thereof. I

10. A side frame comprising a compression member, atension member and bolster columns, said bolster columns serving to space intermediate portions of said compression and tension members, and formed with a segmentalfiller block portion between the lower ends thereof, said filler block portion being initially spaced from said tension member and means for closing up said space to provide for the proper support by said tension member. j i

11. A side frame comprising compression, tension and bolster column members, .said compression member being rigidly connected to the tensionand bolster column members, the tension member extending between its compression members being rigidly connected to the bolster guide columns, said columns serving to space intermediate portions of said compressionand tension members, said tension member being cast with a space between thesame and said uide columns, means being provided for lling up said space whereby said tension member supports said columns.

13. A side frame comprisingcompression,

tension and bolster columnmembers, said compression and tenslon members being rigidly un ted rat their ends and increasing in structure whereby the moment arm of transmitted to said rigid structures is re;

sion member, when theframe is permitted.

tensionmember joining sai portions adjacent the junctions 16. A side frame flexibility toward their intermediate tions, bolster guide columns depending saidcompression toward said tension member, the lower portionsof said bolster guide, columns being connected by a segmental spring plank seat portion, the intermediate portion of said tension member extending beneath said bolster guide columns and spring plank seat portion with means therebetween whereby longitudinal slippage of said tenstressed, is i rigid structure adapted to embrace a jour-' nal box, the intermediate portions of said members being spaced by "bolster guide columns united at their lower ends and resting on the intermediate portion of the tension member, said tension member extending u wardly and outwardly and passing below t e virtual intersection between the up er and inner boundaries of the openings or said journal boxes, the corresponding corners of said openings being cut off by sloping wall portions.

In testimony whereof I aflix fisi ature I DONALD S. B

R WS.

fporrom 14. A side frame comprising compression and tension members united at each end to a rigid 40' structure adapted to embrace a journal box, said structures being formed with vertical sides, horizontal connecting portions and straight sloping sides and horizontal portions, whereby the corners of'the openings receiving said 'ourortion 0 said nal boxes are cut ofi, the lower jaw shaped horizontal and sloping portions.

15. A side frame comprising compression and tension box, ea'ch rigid structure for that purposebeingxformed with a downwardl opemng jaw de ed by depending side wa'ls and a substantiall horizontal u per wall, said side walls an upper wall being joined by strai ht sloping portions and the tension mem r joining said rigid structure below the intersection between extensions of the horizontal and inner depending side walls of thefrigid orces duced.

and

portions connecting said etween the members united at each end to a rigid structure adapted to embrace a journal comprising compression on members unlted at each'end to a no I 

